/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.commons.net.chargen;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.InetAddress;

import org.apache.commons.net.DatagramSocketClient;

/***
 * The CharGenUDPClient class is a UDP implementation of a client for the
 * character generator protocol described in RFC 864.  It can also be
 * used for Systat (RFC 866), Quote of the Day (RFC 865), and netstat
 * (port 15).  All of these protocols involve sending a datagram to the
 * appropriate port, and reading data contained in one or more reply
 * datagrams.  The chargen and quote of the day protocols only send
 * one reply datagram containing 512 bytes or less of data.  The other
 * protocols may reply with more than one datagram, in which case you
 * must wait for a timeout to determine that all reply datagrams have
 * been sent.
 * <p>
 * To use the CharGenUDPClient class, just open a local UDP port
 * with {@link org.apache.commons.net.DatagramSocketClient#open  open }
 * and call {@link #send  send } to send the datagram that will
 * initiate the data reply.  For chargen or quote of the day, just
 * call {@link #receive  receive }, and you're done.  For netstat and
 * systat, call receive in a while loop, and catch a SocketException and
 * InterruptedIOException to detect a timeout (don't forget to set the
 * timeout duration beforehand).  Don't forget to call
 * {@link org.apache.commons.net.DatagramSocketClient#close  close() }
 * to clean up properly.
 *
 * @see CharGenTCPClient
 ***/

public final class CharGenUDPClient extends DatagramSocketClient
{
    /*** The systat port value of 11 according to RFC 866. ***/
    public static final int SYSTAT_PORT = 11;
    /*** The netstat port value of 19. ***/
    public static final int NETSTAT_PORT = 15;
    /*** The quote of the day port value of 17 according to RFC 865. ***/
    public static final int QUOTE_OF_DAY_PORT = 17;
    /*** The character generator port value of 19 according to RFC 864. ***/
    public static final int CHARGEN_PORT = 19;
    /*** The default chargen port.  It is set to 19 according to RFC 864. ***/
    public static final int DEFAULT_PORT = 19;

    private final byte[] __receiveData;
    private final DatagramPacket __receivePacket;
    private final DatagramPacket __sendPacket;

    /***
     * The default CharGenUDPClient constructor.  It initializes some internal
     * data structures for sending and receiving the necessary datagrams for
     * the chargen and related protocols.
     ***/
    public CharGenUDPClient()
    {
        // CharGen return packets have a maximum length of 512
        __receiveData = new byte[512];
        __receivePacket = new DatagramPacket(__receiveData, __receiveData.length);
        __sendPacket = new DatagramPacket(new byte[0], 0);
    }


    /***
     * Sends the data initiation datagram.  This data in the packet is ignored
     * by the server, and merely serves to signal that the server should send
     * its reply.
     *
     * @param host The address of the server.
     * @param port The port of the service.
     * @exception IOException If an error occurs while sending the datagram.
     ***/
    public void send(InetAddress host, int port) throws IOException
    {
        __sendPacket.setAddress(host);
        __sendPacket.setPort(port);
        _socket_.send(__sendPacket);
    }

    /*** Same as <code>send(host, CharGenUDPClient.DEFAULT_PORT);</code>
     * @param host the destination host
     * @throws IOException on error
     ***/
    public void send(InetAddress host) throws IOException
    {
        send(host, DEFAULT_PORT);
    }

    /***
     * Receive the reply data from the server.  This will always be 512 bytes
     * or less.  Chargen and quote of the day only return one packet.  Netstat
     * and systat require multiple calls to receive() with timeout detection.
     *
     * @return The reply data from the server.
     * @exception IOException If an error occurs while receiving the datagram.
     ***/
    public byte[] receive() throws IOException
    {
        int length;
        byte[] result;

        _socket_.receive(__receivePacket);

        result = new byte[length = __receivePacket.getLength()];
        System.arraycopy(__receiveData, 0, result, 0, length);

        return result;
    }

}

