/*
 *
 * This file is part of the iText (R) project.
    Copyright (c) 1998-2022 iText Group NV
 * Authors: Kevin Day, Bruno Lowagie, et al.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License version 3
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation with the addition of the
 * following permission added to Section 15 as permitted in Section 7(a):
 * FOR ANY PART OF THE COVERED WORK IN WHICH THE COPYRIGHT IS OWNED BY
 * ITEXT GROUP. ITEXT GROUP DISCLAIMS THE WARRANTY OF NON INFRINGEMENT
 * OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General License for more
 * details. You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General License
 * along with this program; if not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses or write to
 * the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston,
 * MA, 02110-1301 USA, or download the license from the following URL:
 * http://itextpdf.com/terms-of-use/
 *
 * The interactive user interfaces in modified source and object code versions
 * of this program must display Appropriate Legal Notices, as required under
 * Section 5 of the GNU Affero General License.
 *
 * In accordance with Section 7(b) of the GNU Affero General License, a covered
 * work must retain the producer line in every PDF that is created or
 * manipulated using iText.
 *
 * You can be released from the requirements of the license by purchasing a
 * commercial license. Buying such a license is mandatory as soon as you develop
 * commercial activities involving the iText software without disclosing the
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 */
package com.itextpdf.text.io;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * A RandomAccessSource that is based on a set of underlying sources, treating the sources as if they were a contiguous block of data.
 * @since 5.3.5
 */
class GroupedRandomAccessSource implements RandomAccessSource {
    /**
     * The underlying sources (along with some meta data to quickly determine where each source begins and ends)
     */
	private final SourceEntry[] sources;
    
	/**
	 * Cached value to make multiple reads from the same underlying source more efficient
	 */
    private SourceEntry currentSourceEntry;

    /**
     * Cached size of the underlying channel
     */
    private final long size;



    /**
     * Constructs a new {@link GroupedRandomAccessSource} based on the specified set of sources
     * @param sources the sources used to build this group
     */
	public GroupedRandomAccessSource(RandomAccessSource[] sources) throws IOException {
        this.sources = new SourceEntry[sources.length];
        
        long totalSize = 0;
        for(int i = 0; i < sources.length; i++){
        	this.sources[i] = new SourceEntry(i, sources[i], totalSize);
        	totalSize += sources[i].length();
        }
        size = totalSize;
        currentSourceEntry = this.sources[sources.length-1];
        sourceInUse(currentSourceEntry.source);
	}

	/**
	 * For a given offset, return the index of the source that contains the specified offset.
	 * This is an optimization feature to help optimize the access of the correct source without having to iterate
	 * through every single source each time.  It is safe to always return 0, in which case the full set of sources will be searched.
	 * Subclasses should override this method if they are able to compute the source index more efficiently (for example {@link FileChannelRandomAccessSource} takes advantage of fixed size page buffers to compute the index) 
	 * @param offset the offset
	 * @return the index of the input source that contains the specified offset, or 0 if unknown
	 */
	protected int getStartingSourceIndex(long offset){
        if (offset >= currentSourceEntry.firstByte)
        	return currentSourceEntry.index;

        return 0;
	}
	
	/**
	 * Returns the SourceEntry that contains the byte at the specified offset  
	 * sourceReleased is called as a notification callback so subclasses can take care of cleanup when the source is no longer the active source
	 * @param offset the offset of the byte to look for
	 * @return the SourceEntry that contains the byte at the specified offset
	 * @throws IOException if there is a problem with IO (usually the result of the sourceReleased() call)
	 */
	private SourceEntry getSourceEntryForOffset(long offset) throws IOException {
        if (offset >= size)
        	return null;
        
        if (offset >= currentSourceEntry.firstByte && offset <= currentSourceEntry.lastByte)
        	return currentSourceEntry;
        
        // hook to allow subclasses to release resources if necessary
        sourceReleased(currentSourceEntry.source);
        
        int startAt = getStartingSourceIndex(offset);
        
        for(int i = startAt; i < sources.length; i++){ 
        	if (offset >= sources[i].firstByte && offset <= sources[i].lastByte){
        		currentSourceEntry = sources[i];
        		sourceInUse(currentSourceEntry.source);
        		return currentSourceEntry;
        	}
        }
        
        return null;
		
	}
	
	/**
	 * Called when a given source is no longer the active source.  This gives subclasses the abilty to release resources, if appropriate. 
	 * @param source the source that is no longer the active source
	 * @throws IOException if there are any problems
	 */
	protected void sourceReleased(RandomAccessSource source) throws IOException{
		// by default, do nothing
	}
	
	/**
	 * Called when a given source is about to become the active source.  This gives subclasses the abilty to retrieve resources, if appropriate. 
	 * @param source the source that is about to become the active source
	 * @throws IOException if there are any problems
	 */
	protected void sourceInUse(RandomAccessSource source) throws IOException{
		// by default, do nothing
	}
	
    /** 
     * {@inheritDoc} 
     * The source that contains the byte at position is retrieved, the correct offset into that source computed, then the value
     * from that offset in the underlying source is returned.
     */  
	public int get(long position) throws IOException {
		SourceEntry entry = getSourceEntryForOffset(position);
		
        if (entry == null) // we have run out of data to read from
        	return -1;
        
        return entry.source.get(entry.offsetN(position));

	}
	
    /** 
     * {@inheritDoc} 
     */  
	public int get(long position, byte[] bytes, int off, int len) throws IOException {
		SourceEntry entry = getSourceEntryForOffset(position);
		
        if (entry == null) // we have run out of data to read from
        	return -1;
		
        long offN = entry.offsetN(position);

        int remaining = len;
        
        while(remaining > 0){
            if (entry == null) // we have run out of data to read from
                break;
            if (offN > entry.source.length())
                break;
            
            int count = entry.source.get(offN, bytes, off, remaining);
            if (count == -1)
            	break;
            
            off += count;
            position += count;
            remaining -= count;

            offN = 0;
            entry = getSourceEntryForOffset(position);
        }
        return remaining == len ? -1 : len - remaining;	
    }

	
    /** 
     * {@inheritDoc} 
     */  
	public long length() {
		return size;
	}

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     * Closes all of the underlying sources
     */
    public void close() throws IOException {
        for (SourceEntry entry : sources) {
			entry.source.close();
		}
    }

    /**
     * Used to track each source, along with useful meta data 
     */
    private static class SourceEntry{
    	/**
    	 * The underlying source
    	 */
    	final RandomAccessSource source;
    	/**
    	 * The first byte (in the coordinates of the GroupedRandomAccessSource) that this source contains
    	 */
    	final long firstByte;
    	/**
    	 * The last byte (in the coordinates of the GroupedRandomAccessSource) that this source contains
    	 */
    	final long lastByte;
    	/**
    	 * The index of this source in the GroupedRandomAccessSource
    	 */
    	final int index;
    	
    	/**
    	 * Standard constructor
    	 * @param index the index
    	 * @param source the source
    	 * @param offset the offset of the source in the GroupedRandomAccessSource
    	 */
    	public SourceEntry(int index, RandomAccessSource source, long offset) {
			this.index = index;
    		this.source = source;
			this.firstByte = offset;
			this.lastByte = offset + source.length() - 1;
		}
    	
    	/**
    	 * Given an absolute offset (in the GroupedRandomAccessSource coordinates), calculate the effective offset in the underlying source
    	 * @param absoluteOffset the offset in the parent GroupedRandomAccessSource
    	 * @return the effective offset in the underlying source
    	 */
    	public long offsetN(long absoluteOffset){
    		return absoluteOffset - firstByte;
    	}
    }
}
